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Baptist War
The Baptist War, also known as the Christmas Rebellion, the Christmas Uprising and the Great Jamaican Slave Revolt of 1831–32, was an eleven-day rebellion that mobilized as many as 60,000 of Jamaica's 300,000 slaves.〔 It was led by a Baptist preacher, Samuel Sharpe, and waged largely by his followers.
== Ideology ==
The missionary-educated rebels were attuned to the abolitionist movement in London; their intention was to call a peaceful general strike.〔Craton, Michael. ''Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies'' (Cornell University Press, 1983), pp. 297–98〕 Compared with their Presbyterian, Wesleyan, and Moravian counterparts, the greater propensity of Baptist slaves to mobilization may have reflected a higher level of absenteeism among white Baptist missionaries; the relative independence of Black deacons〔 facilitated greater slave ownership over religious life, including reinterpretations of Baptist theology away from European orthodoxy (for example, the emphasis placed on John the Baptist, sometimes at the expense of Jesus Christ〔Turner, Mary. ''Slaves and Missionaries: the disintegration of Jamaican slave society, 1787–1834'' (University of Illinois Press, 1982), p. 81〕) Thomas Burchell, a missionary in Montego Bay returned from England following Christmas vacation. A wide expectation among the Baptist ministry was that he would return with papers for emancipation from King William. There was furthermore expectation that the King's men would enforce the order. Thus, discontent escalated when the Jamaican governor proclaimed that no emancipation had been granted.
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